Become a dive volunteer | Diver Magazine

Become a dive volunteer | Diver Magazine

Common Freshwater Fish in New York Part 6

Black Crappie

Grows 8-12 inches long; occasionally larger. With exception of the Adirondacks, common in waters across the state. Prefer clear, quiet areas of lakes, ponds and larger rivers with abundant vegetation. Eat small fish and insects.

Brown Bullhead

Averages 8-14 inches long. Easily recognizable by its broad, flat head and dark barbels (whiskers) around face. Has sharp spines on dorsal and pectoral fins. Very adaptable, it is the most common catfish in New York, found in cool Adirondack lakes, but most abundant in warm water ponds, lakes and larger, slow moving streams. Night time bottom feeder, uses barbels to locate food, including insects, snails, worms and small fish.

Common Carp

Large fish, carp average 15-20 inches long, but can grow to over 40 pounds in weight. Have large, heavy scales and two short barbels (whiskers). Found across the state except in cold trout streams and lakes. Prefers slow moving water with a soft bottom. Adults eat a variety of plant and animal material, often stirring up a cloud of mud as they feed.

Common Freshwater Fish in New York Part 5

Walleye

Largest member of the perch family, averages 10-25 inches long. Found in every major watershed in New York except on Long Island. Prefers deep water sections of large lakes, streams and rivers. Have large, light-sensitive eyes to locate food in poor light. Large canine teeth used to catch favorite food of fish. Most active at night.

Yellow Perch

Grows 6-12 inches long. Easily distinguished by the 5-9 black vertical bars on their yellow sides. Important panfish, common across New York in a variety of habitats, but prefers shallow, weedy protected sections of rivers, lakes and ponds. Eat variety of organisms including aquatic insects, crayfish and fish. Popular with ice fishing anglers.

White Perch

New York’s smallest member of the temperate bass family, white perch average 6-12 inches long. Can live in both fresh and saltwater. Are native to brackish water, but now also occur in rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Found in several waters across the state, including the Hudson River, the Great Lakes and the Seneca and Mohawk river systems. Often occur in large schools in turbid, shallow areas. Adults eat fish and insects.

Common Freshwater Fish in New York Part 4

Brook Trout

Averages 12-15 inches long in ponds and 8-12 inches in streams. Also called speckled trout, brookies have a distinct bright white edging along their lower fins. New York’s official state fish, brook trout live in small to moderate-sized clear, cold streams, lakes and ponds. Primarily eat insects.

Atlantic Salmon

New York’s only native salmon, Atlantics are one of our most highly-regarded sportfish. Adults average 12-30 inches and prefer open deep waters of cold, deep lakes. Primarily eats fish. Also known as “landlocked salmon,” New York’s Atlantics spend their entire lives in freshwater. Found in about 30 waters across the state.

Chinook Salmon

Also called king salmon, chinooks are the largest of the Pacific salmon, averaging 24-44 inches. Found only in lakes Erie and Ontario and their tributaries. Adults eat fish.

Dive Flag Laws

Rules for U.S. divers and boaters

The U.S. Coast Guard spells out the federal regulation for dive flag use in Rule 27e - Vessel Engaged in Diving Operations:

Whenever the size of a vessel engaged in diving operations makes it impracticable to exhibit all lights and shapes prescribed in paragraph (d) of this Rule [most civilian vessels], the following shall be exhibited:

Three all-round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen. The highest and lowest of these lights shall be red and the middle light shall be white; a rigid replica of the International Code flag "A" not less than 1 meter in height. Measures shall be taken to ensure its all-round visibility.

In Canada, boating is a federal responsibility so there is one standard for the whole country. The U.S. federal government has no rules about using the red-and-white dive flag. However, most U.S. states do, and so do some local governments. There is no consistent, simple rule in the U.S. It often depends on where you are, how far off-shore you are, and whether you're diving from a boat. Moreover, it's often not easy to find the law that applies to you. Generally, the first place to look is in the rules governing boating, often published by the state department of natural resources.

New York Dive Flags

For Divers in New York

According to the Study Guide for Public Vessel Operators License published by NY Parks Department:

The traditional skin divers flag is red with a white diagonal stripe and has been adopted for use by persons engaging in underwater activities. If however, a vessel engaged in diving operations is restricted in its ability to maneuver, it must display a rigid replica of the international code flag "A" which is to be one meter in height. The traditional red and white diver's flag may be shown in conjunction with the alpha flag. Public Vessels engaged in diving operations are required to display one or both of the flags at all times when they have divers or snorkelers in the water. Divers are required to remain within a hundred feet of the dive platform at all times unless they are tethered to a separate float with a diver's flag displayed.

For Boaters in New York

According to the Study Guide for Public Vessel Operators License:

If you see the flag floating, do not approach within 100 feet. If you see air bubbles on the surface of the water stop your engines immediately and do not pass over the area!

Vermont Dive Flags

For Divers in Vermont

According to the Vermont Statutes Online (§ 3381. Divers; flag required):

(a) As used in this section:
(1) "Diver" means any person who is wholly submerged in the waters of the state and is equipped with a face mask and snorkel or "underwater breathing apparatus."
(2) "Divers-down flag" means a flag that is either square or rectangular, to approximately four units high by five units long, with a one unit diagonal stripe. The divers-down flag shall have a white diagonal stripe on a red background. The stripe shall begin at the top staff-side of the flag and extend diagonally to the opposite lower corner. The flag shall be free-flying and shall be removed when all divers are out of the water. The minimum size shall be 12 by 12 inches.

(b) All divers shall prominently display a divers-down flag in the area in which the diving occurs, other than when diving in an area customarily used for swimming only. Persons diving together as a group, in the same diving area, shall display at least one flag.

(c) A person who violates this section shall be fined not more than $100.00 for each violation. (Added 1987, No. 140 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. April 8, 1988.)

For Boaters in Vermont

According to the Vermont Statutes (§ 3311. Operation of vessels; prohibited acts):

A person shall not operate any vessel, except a non-motorized canoe, a non-motorized rowboat or a police or emergency vessel, within 200 feet of a divers-down flag.

Canada Dive Flags

For Canadian divers and boaters

Boating is a federal responsibility in Canada so there is one standard for the whole country.

The Collision Regulations Rule 27, made under the Canada Shipping Act specifies that the dive boat must carry a rigid representation of the international code "A" flag not less than 1 metre (39.25") in height if the boat has divers down and cannot maneuver. Measures shall be taken to ensure all-round visibility.

At night, the boat shall display three all-round lights in a vertical line, the highest and lowest of which shall be red and the middle light shall be white. The red and white diver down flag is not recognized for use on the boat (but not forbidden either).

A buoy is an option if it meets the specifications set out in the regulations. The Canadian Aids to Navigation (TP 968) recognizes the use of the red and white flag on a buoy and the Private Buoy Regulations (SOR 99-335) provide the specifications for the buoy itself.

Read together a diver's buoy must be:

White, with yellow retro-reflective striping, a minimum of 15.25cm (6") across and 30.5cm (12") above the water, bearing the letters "PRIV" on opposite sides in large black lettering and displaying the owner's name and contact information prominently. It must be flying the red and white diver down flag, which must be square and 50cm (20") on each side, with the white stripe extending diagonally from the tip of the hoist down to the bottom of the fly. The buoy must be securely moored.

Note that Fathom Five National Marine Park does require the use of the diver down flag within the park.

For more information on Dive Flag laws visit http://www.dive-flag.com/

Common Freshwater Fish in New York Part 3

Brown Trout

Originally from Europe, browns are large fish, averaging 8-20 inches in inland waters and 20-32 inches in the Great Lakes. They are more tolerant of warmer water than brook trout, found in waters across New York, but prefer cool streams and lakes. Adults eat aquatic insects and fish.

Rainbow Trout

Colorful, Pacific Coast native, rainbows are quite variable in size, averaging 8-20 inches in inland waters, and 20 34 inches in the Great Lakes. Their name comes from the pink or red band often present on their sides. Prefer cool lakes and large streams. Adults primarily eat fish. Lake-run variety (called steelhead) occurs in lakes Champlain, Ontario and Erie and their tributaries.

Lake Trout

Averages 15-34 inches long, but can reach weights of up to 30 pounds. This silvery or dark gray fish occurs in deep, cold well-oxygenated lakes. A native of New York, lakers are long-lived, some adults reaching 20 years old. Adults primarily eat fish.

Zebra Mussel

 

Zebra mussels are prolific invaders that cost the U.S. billions of dollar each year. These small mussels from Eurasia can clog water intakes and damage equipment by attaching to boat motors and hard surfaces. They can damage ecosystems by harming fisheries, smothering native mussels and crayfish, and littering beaches with their sharp shells.
In the late 1980s, zebra mussels spread from Europe to the Great Lakes in contaminated ballast water discharged from foreign ships. From there, they expanded to the Mississippi River, its tributaries, and to inland lakes. Zebra mussels spread primarily by attaching to boat hulls, aquatic plants, nets, fishing equipment, or in water. Adult zebra mussels can survive out of water for days under certain conditions. Your actions are vital to prevent their spread.

 

What to look for

• Zebra mussels look like small clams with a yellowish or brownish “D”-shaped shell, usually with dark and light-colored stripes.
• They can be up to two inches long, but most are under one inch. Zebra mussels usually grow in clusters containing numerous individuals and are generally found in shallow (6-30 feet), algae-rich water
• Zebra mussels are the only freshwater mollusc that can firmly attach itself to solid objects – submerged rocks, dock pilings, boat hulls, water intake pipes, etc.
• On smooth surfaces, young zebra mussels feel like fine sandpaper.
• Juveniles are about the size of peppercorns.

 

How to prevent the spread

• Learn to recognize zebra mussels.
• Inspect and remove aquatic plants, animals, and mud from boat, motor, and trailer.
• Drain water from boat, motor, livewell, bilge, and bait containers.
• Dispose of unwanted live bait and worms in the trash.
• Rinse boat and equipment with high-pressure and/or hot water (104° F), especially if moored for over a day, OR
• Dry everything for at least 5 days.
• Never introduce fish, plants, crayfish, snails or clams from one body of water to another.